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CHEMISTRY


                                             July     21, 2010
                                             November 20, 2013
                                             November 24, 2013

I like the boy                              http://www.democracynow.org/2010/7/21/lead_in_lipstick_coal_tar_in
better than
the girl.                        Stacy Malkan, co-founder of
                                 "Campaign for Safe Cosmetics"
The girl has that earnest,       vs.  John Bailey, chief
alarmist, rapid-fire spew        scientist at "the Personal
of factoids going that I         Care Products Council"
learned to hate in the
anti-nuclear debate.

  Example: she rattles off
  the types of trace
  contaminates and tosses         Bruce Ames (molecular biologist
  in "nitrosamines":              at Berkeley, famous for the Ames
                                  test for mutagens) pointed out
    "So, formaldehyde,            long ago that the natural levels
    1,4-dioxane would             of things like nitrosomines in
    be examples,                  fruits and vegetables completely
    nitrosamines. Those           dwarf any artificially
    are carcinogens."             introduced traces.  If you made
                                  cosmetics using plants, you'd
  Leading off with                end up with some nitrosomines.
  "formaldehyde" is
  good too: most
  people recoil at
  the word because it's
  used in embalming.



The boy has a more calm and
reasonable style going, he talks                And despite my suspicions
about the commonalities between                 of my own gender biases here,
the two bills in front of                       I should make it clear that
congress, and talks about the                   many a male activitst registers
FDA really does do scientific                   on my ears much as Malkan does.
evaluation of risks, and so on:
                                                And Bailey is capable of
   "The FDA has many times analyzed             raising my prejudice against
   products in the marketplace. Most            old white guy industry flacks.
   recently, they published a very
   comprehensive and thorough
   analysis of lead in lipstick and
   concluded that the levels being
   reported do not present a health
   risk. And this is consistent with          I like that remark:
   what happens in other parts of             "consistent with what
   the world. With 1,4-dioxane, it’s          happens in other parts
   the same situation. The levels             of the world".
   are very low."
                                                  It sounds like he's trying
But my boy Bailey has his                         to reassure us that the
problems in presentation:                         United States is not so
                                                  far gone that there's no
    Amy Goodman pops a really                     check on industrial practices
    nasty, but excellent question:                left whatsoever.
    "Do you think any chemical
    should be banned?"                               Hey, the FDA does just
                                                     the kind of stuff they
    Bailey stumbles around and                       do elsewhere, *even in
    sounds like he's deflecting                      Europe*!
    the question with his oh so
    calm, reasonable spiels...                           (It could be that
    though what he says really                           he was trying to
    is reasonable if you read the                        say you don't need
    text:                                                to worry about
                                                         imports either.)
    "Well, you know, I think that
    the levels should be set and
    controlled so that everyone
    knows what is safe and what
    levels the suppliers and         I might try re-writing that
    product manufacturers should     (but maybe my version has
    test to to make sure that        problems, too):
    they are controlled."
                                          "Many chemicals need to be
    What Bailey doesn't say               controlled, but banning them
    and what I always think               is usually too extreme-- even
    needs to be said:                     if there's no immediate need
                                          for them, a use may be found
    Banned?  Do you want to               later."
    reduce the allowed level
    of contaminants to                    (At a guess, you need to lean
    "undetectable"?  That's               on words like "safe" more...
    a completely ridiculous,              "Many chemicals need to be
    unnecessarily tight                   *safely* controlled--".)
    standard: our detection
    techniques are *really
    good*.  We can detect an
    angel fart on the head
    of a pin.

    It's absolutely necessary
    to estimate allowable
    "safe" levels of *nearly      If you set the safe level at
    everything*.                  "zero", for example, you would have
                                  to remove "sea salt" from the
                                  shelves of health food stores,
                                  because there are detectable levels
                                  of *everything* in ocean water--
                                  it's the "universal solvent" and
                                  *everything* is dissolved in it.


        It's one of the major differences
        between the two cultures:

        The technically trained understand
        that uncertainty is inevitable, and
        are comfortable living with it.

        The humanists are prone toward
        quests for absolute certainty and
        they frequently demand absolute           At least from from
        safety.                                   technical products...
                                                  Most know it isn't
                                                  achievable in the
                                                  social realm.

              So why wasn't my boy willing
              to go there?  At a guess, he
              has a better feel for what a
              popular audience is capable of      There's a real problem
              grasping, and he's come to the      with stupidity... you
              rather depressing conclusion        need to be pretty
              that they'll never get it.          smart to appreciate
                                                  being called out when
                                                  you're being stupid.
                                                  Most people respond
                                                  better to flattery.

   Malkan (our girl) brings up one                Republicans love it when you
   really Nasty point of her                      point out how stupid you'd
   own... I wouldn't call it a                    have to be to buy they're
   *good* point, exactly, but it's                bullshit-- then they can
   tough enough to deal with to be                call you "elitist", and blow
   interesting:                                   even more smoke.

      She understands that the Other Side
      always wants to argue that the
      quantities of the contaminants
      she's talking about are just
      traces, and there's not enough
      there to worry about.

      Her claim is that it's not just
      a single chemical that's the
      problem, it's this cocktail of
      chemicals, this soup that
      we're swimming in that taking
      altogether has (or is capable
      of having?) some bad effects.

      This is really nasty, because
      our dearly beloved scientific
      method almost always proceeds
      by using reductionist techniques.          There are, however, whole
      We try to isolate the effects              population studies which
      of single chemicals, typically             take some careful
      first on animals, and then on              statistical analysis to
      humans.  Only later, if at all,            comprehend, but are much
      do we start to wonder if we                more "holistic".
      need to look at the effects of
      *two* chemicals applied at the
      same time, or perhaps *three*
      chemicals, and so on.

      The trouble is that there's
      a combinatoric explosion in
      the tree of possible
      experiments that can be
      conducted.

      If you expect Science to prove that
      there are no combinations of trace
      contaminants out there with some of        If you attempted to do
      negative synergistic effect --             this in your own life,
      that's pretty much an impossibility.       you'd quickly see the
                                                 problem.
         And Malkan (our girl)
         does not seem to have                      I don't have any
         any actual evidence                        problem eating
         that her cocktail of                       cheese, or eating
         contaminants does have                     blueberries, but
         some negative synergy.                     how do I know I
                                                    don't have trouble
         But then, there *are* some                 with both together?
         strange things happening
         out there in the modern                    What if there's
         world that really are not                  a problem with eating
         well understood.  For                      both together while
         example, young women are                   talking on a cellphone?
         hitting puberty at a                       Or watching television?
         younger age, and this is                   Or doing both at the
         presumably because of some                 same time?  While
         environmental contaminant                  sitting on a vinyl
         or contaminants.                           chair?

            (I've heard some theories
            that at least sound good:
            commonly used plastics
            that release estrogen-like     http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/02/07/puberty-at-the-age-of-8.aspx
            compounds.)


                So this particular spook that
                she's raising is a relatively
                nasty one all right... could it be
                that some particular plastic
                packaging, plus a touch of lead
                from that cosmetic, plus a little
                dose of cellphone radiation, and a
                touch of coca leaf by-products in
                your Coca-Cola all combine to hit    The whole population
                your endocrine system in a           studies can be helpful
                slightly deleterious fashion         at estimating the
                that's hard to track down?           size of such effects,
                                                     but they're rarely
                                                     completely unambiquous.

                                                         And people have a
                                                         way of ignoring
                                                         them when they say
                                                         something they don't
                                                         want to hear.

                                                             E.g. in the
                                                             realm of diet.

                                                             DIETARY



  Stacy Malkan also wrote a
  book, which I might look
  up sometime for purposes
  of keeping myself honest:

     "Not Just a Pretty Face" (2007)

     http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/not-just-a-pretty-face-stacy-malkan/1100626902?ean=9780865715745
     http://books.google.com/books?id=7x5ViSZlmqoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=stacy+malkan+%22not+just+a+pretty+face%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8U-SUrfiA6mZiQLw74G4CQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=stacy%20malkan%20%22not%20just%20a%20pretty%20face%22&f=false
     http://notjustaprettyface.org/

     Hm: Chapter 11 on "Green Chemisty"


          The intro doesn't look good... heavy on
          alarming factoids (sheer numbers of
          detectable chemcials), low on key
          specifics like whether the quantities
          get near safe limits.

          "Nobody can say what effect, if any,
           the chemicals will have--"

          Actually, there probably are people who
          can say, she's just decided a priori not        This cherry-picking
          to listen to them.                              of Scientific
                                                          Evidence to fit
                                                          preconceptions is
                                                          all too common...




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