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FUNCTION_OF_WORD_PATTERNS


                                      January  19, 2005 
                                      February 10, 2005



   to wound the autumnal city.
      
   So howled out for the world to
   give him a name.              
                                                 DHALGREN
   The in-dark answered with wind.

   All you know I know: careening
   astronauts and bank clerks glancing
   at the clock before lunch; actresses
   cowling at light-ringed mirrors and
   freight elevator operators grinding
   a thumbful of grease on a steel
   handle; student riots; know that
   dark women in bodegas shook their
   heads last week because in six
   months prices have risen outlandishly;
   how coffee tastes after you've
   held it in your mouth, cold a
   whole minute.



Reading Delany's "Dhalgren"...

Take it step by step.                           
                                Reading as Delany has been
  It begins with a              known to read others.      
  sentence fragment,            (Or in something like a    
  goes through some             similar fashion.)         
  pretentious (windy?)                                 
  statements that                                             
  establish a tone, an                                     (A trick   
  atmosphere, without          Much later, we will find    borrowed 
  immediately resolving        the beginning of this       from Joyce, 
  into sense.                  fragmented sentence, at     I think.) 
                               the close of the book. 
                               There's a choice of: 
           
There is something                  I have come to wound the autumnal city. 
odd going on with                   I have come to to wound the autumnal city. 
pronouns...           
                                        And here: who can the
Experienced fiction                     "I" be that is speaking?
readers expect the "person"  
to be established quickly                              There are only two
(third? first? the rare,                               guesses: (1) the Kid; 
unlikely second?).                                     or (2) the author.
Instead, the implied third        We also                                
person "he" is elided --          expect that             Reading to it from
though strongly suggested         a name will             the end (where the  
by a quickly following            be given                narrative has 
"him":                            for the                 shifted to first  
                                  main                    person), it seems 
  So howled out for the           character.              like the Kid.       
  world to give him a name.                                                 
                                    (There are            Considering it 
But then immediately                notable               wrapped around,
afterwards in the next              exceptions            I suggest it 
paragraph (the fourth?              with first            looks more like 
or is it the third and a            person,               the author.    
half?)  there is a "you"            though.)                                   
and then an "I":                                          Delany himself,    
                                      Later in this       is stating his    
  All you know I know                 narrative the       purpose.  He has    
                                      "amnesia" card      arrived (or     
Who is the "you" addressed?           is played,          awakened) in    
Who is the "I" speaking?              which back          order to "wound    
                                      fills the           the autumnal    
  It seems likely, in                 meaning of          city".          
  retrospect -- once the              this "howl".                           
  third person narrative                                     The citadel     
  is established -- that                                     of science  
  this can only be the                                       fiction        
  reader and the author.    The voice                        itself?           
                            remains                                            
                            unstable,                           Autumnal.    
                            though.                             A fading 
                                                                citadel?    
                                 I -> He                                    
                                 He -> I                                   
                                                             
                                        There's something
                                        there about the  
                                        blurring of self     
Then there are several pages of         and other...       
somewhat disorienting narrative                             
about a man being disoriented.          
                                                    
He meets a woman and has
sex with her. The wind
obscures all attempts at     Recently, I attempted
speech at first.             to read this passage
                             aloud on to tape...         Over and over:
   There's a short           it was strikingly           "wind", "leaves".
   dialog where it's         repetitious, mildly
   established that          embarrassing, and didn't    Delany has commented
   the main character        work very well.             elsewhere on the 
   can't remember his                                    differences between 
   name, though he                                       written and spoken    
   knows (or thinks he                                   words...  Dhalgren   
   knows) much else                                      was clearly not      
   about his history.   WANDERING_PURPOSE                written to be read 
                                                         aloud.               
                                                        
In the midst of the first           
sex scene, there's this bit      Delany himself, we all             
about the main character's       learned much later,             
hands being "ugly".              *really* likes "ugly" hands      
                                 like this, a piece of          
The way this is played --        information that colors         
at first -- makes it look        (flips?) the meanings here.
like a horror movie bit:              
                            
   She pulled back. "Your *hands*--" 
 
   Veins like earthworms wiggled in the hair.                             
   The skin was cement dry; his knuckles were                    
   thick with scabbed callous.  Blunt thumbs 
   lay on the place between her breast like 
   toads. 

You know the routine: the woman is
having sex with a stranger, notices                 
something weird about him, and                            Monsters.            
discovers -- oh no, oh my god he's not                    Dhalgren = Grendhal  
*human*, he's a *monster* ...                             The monster reversed.
                                                                    
But it doesn't go that far.         (Dhalgren never         Through the  
Instead, it backs off from          goes too far into       mirror...  
this:                               what you expect.                           
                                    When you expect it         First he is    
  No, they were not deformed.       to be misleading,          warned of 
  But they were... *ugly*!          then it stops trying       scorpions, 
                                    to mislead.)               then he becomes 
Here, the narrative seems to                                   a scorpion. 
admit that it was misleading 
(a rare admission in this book                                   (You know 
as I remember it).  The author                                   what you 
tells you they were not,                                         find when 
because he knows you were                                        you go 
thinking they were.                                              where they 
                                                                 tell you 
                                                                 not to go?) 
                                       Feb 2005: 
Then there's some dialog,              Suddenly it dawns 
where the main character's             that the main 
partial amnesia is established.        character is 
                                       an echo of 
There's a "recitation" of              Wandering Angus. 
questions that I like, but                     
don't recognize -- nor do                       This woman is the      
I know if it is something    It could           creature (the sprite?) 
that is to be recognized.    easily be          that Angus seeks.      
                             some formula                              
Then there's a classic       for plotting            Look at all those 
science fictional "hang      stories.                references to the   
up": dates don't add                                 moon... the Silver   
up.  The main character        ("And what            apples?           
claims he knows when he         is your                                     
was born, (he says              quest?")                     Eh: might not     
1948, which I would                                          be what Delany    
guess is Delany's own                                        had in mind.      
date of birth), and          The setting would                                 
that he's 28.                then be 1976.                                     
                                                             (Which is not to  
The woman insists that                                       say that he would 
he must be much older if     So then the date                necessarily object
he was born then (she        is a decade or so               to some over-     
was born in '47 and claims   later, but no more              interpretation,   
to be much older).           than two. (She                  either.)          
                             can't be *all*                                    
                             that much older.)                             
                                                                   
  In the real world,                              
  this would be taken as                      
  proof of a radically              
  damaged memory; in         
  straight fiction -- say,                     
  a Hitchcock film -- it    
  might mean the woman was    
  lying to induce           
  self-doubt.  But in a                 
  science fiction story,    
  there's a strong                          
  suggestion of time-         But if Dhalgren *is*
  travel or time-slip.        science fiction,        The flow of time    
                              it's not *that* kind.   is either not as    
                                                      strange, or stranger
                                                      than that.          
                                                                  

The woman leads him 
into a cave, where            I've heard it claimed           
he finds a string of          there's some mythological    There is a large
prisms, mirrors and lenses,   tie-in to this... Jason      brass brazier on
and wraps them around         discovering the chains       the floor of the
his body.                     that bound Prometheus?       cave.           
                                                                        
  And here we have              Well, Prometheus is                   
  another major                 an appropriate deity                    
  fake-out/red                  to invoke in an SF tale.   Or in             
  herring...                                               a tale         
                                   And Jason is yet        about SF.      
                                   another wanderer...                
                                                                      
                                                                         
                                                        
      ORCHID_PETALS
 
I know at least one reader    
that jumped to the           
hypothesis that this         
strange chain was a science    
fictional talisman, which    
caused all the later           Though his     
fantastic events, perhaps      amnesia clearly
by warping the main            precedes this.       
character's perception.                             
                                             
    In retrospect, this might seem
    as plausible an "explanation" 
    as any, because -- in         
    retrospect -- we realize that 
    no explanation will be        
    endorsed by the author as the 
    one true one.                 
                     
         Also in retrospect: it's easy to
         spin a hypothesis of the
         "literary significance" of this
         chain of prisms, mirrors, and               
         lenses: It is symbolic of chains         (Compare to the     
         of words, which themselves               "Helix of                  
         distort, reflect, or focus the           Semi-precious            
         real, without being the real.            Stones": Moments in  
                                                  time, fragments of  
                                                  meaning...)         
         And the fourth (third and a half?)                              
         paragraph resolves into meaning:     
         since the primary focus (or one of them?)
         of this novel is language itself,    
         this list of things known represents 
         the massive amount of shared background
         information -- context -- without            
         which any communication would be           SYSTEMS_OF_THE_MADMAN  
         impossible.

             "All you know I know"


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