[PREV - EDITED_REALITY]    [TOP]

BLACK_MASKS


                                                   December 1, 2004
                                              Rev: February 9, 2005
                                              Rev: July    17, 2005
I often use phrases like "the
Black Mask school" or "the Galaxy   But why should they?
school", and I forget that some     It's not like this
people don't know what I mean.      stuff is taught in
                                    English lit classes.     BRAIN_PULP
                                    "Pulp Fiction" is just
   The "Black Mask"                 the name of a movie.
   was one of the
   many and various                                   And because of that
   magzines that                                      movie many people seem
   came out of the     The "pulp revolution":         to think that "pulp"
   pulp revolution.    a technical development,       is synonymous with
                       in cheap (in all senses)       "gangster" or "crime".
                       paper made from "pulp".

   Many of the pulps were
   aggressively trashy,
   pandering vehicles for
   trite "entertainments",
   but there was also room
   for the occasional editor
   with a higher concept,        The focus of the pulps was
   someone with a vision that    literally anything that would
   danced across the barrier     sell, (and that they could get
   between high and low art.     away with selling).

      (And it often seemed          Airwar!
      like an impenetrable          Romance!                 Another key pulp:
      barrier in those              Detective!               "Weird Tales",
      days, far more so             Occult!                  which published
      than it is today.)            Railroad stories!        H.P. Lovecraft,
                                    Spicey stories!          Robert E. Howard,
                                                             and Clark Ashton
                                                             Smith.
 The history of the comic book hero       
 clearly stretches back into the world    
 of pulp magazines, where masked          
 vigilantes of various sorts-- most         The effect of new media:
 famously The Shadow-- waged their          (1) uncertainty of formula
 illegal War on Crime.                      (2) explosion of diversity
                                          
                                               Cracks in the wall.
                                  
The "Black Mask" magazine was
one of the main driving forces
in the rise of the hardboiled private
eye, as opposed to the old
British drawing room mystery.

   This is where Dashiell
   Hammett first published, in     GLASS_KEY
   the early twenties.

   The hardboiled reign of the
   "Black Mask school" is                            BARBELL
   usually associated with the
   editor Joseph Shaw, though it       (It was founded in 1920
   was already going in that           as one of H.L. Mencken's
   direction when he took over         moves to float the "Smart Set".)
   in 1926: they were already
   publishing Hammett.                         (As was the aforementioned
                                               "Spicey Stories".)


The history of American Science
Fiction begins with an editor            As opposed to the
named Hugo Gernsback.  He was a          European "scientific
guy publishing electronics porn          romances" of Verne
for radio technology geeks, who          and Wells.
decided to try his hand at a gosh
wow fiction of the future
celebrating fancy gadgetry           Gernsback serialized his "Ralph 124c41+"
through the medium of terrible       in his "Modern Electrics" magazine in
writing.  This was the original      1911, and founded "Amazing Stories" in
"scientifiction" of "Amazing         1926.
Stories".
                                         "Scientifiction"
A bit later (1938), an editor            turned into
named John Campbell took the pulp        "science fiction"
magazine "Astounding Stories" and        pretty quickly,    Some unsuccessful
began mutating it in strange             and there it       attempts have been
ways, creating what's sometimes          stuck.             made to rename it
called "modern science fiction".                            something else,
After some years, he changed the                            e.g.  "speculative
name of the magazine to "Analog".                           fiction" (endorsed
                                                            by Heinlein) or
   Campbellian SF was a complicated                         "sci-fi" (Forry
   creature, though in retrospect                           Ackerman).
   it is often reduced to one           
   cliche: a celebration of the         
   superiority of the omniscient        
   engineer, and the manifest          DEAD_HAND 
   destiny of the human race.           
                                        
                                        
In the fifties, another voice           
emerged, "Galaxy Magazine" under       First issue:
the editorship of Horace Gold.         October 1950.
Galaxy (at least in retrospect)   
is viewed as a refuge for social                      HORACE_GOLD
satire, liberal-left premises,      
and perhaps a higher literary     
standard than Analog.                     Though "higher literary standards"
                                          is more often thought of as the
                                          domain of "The Magazine of Fantasy
                                          and Science Fiction", aka F&SF.
                                          Edited by Anthony Boucher (along
                                          with McComas at first), until
                                          1958, and then by a number of
                                          others, with a long stint by Edward
                                          Ferman (~1965-1991).

In the present day era, the                       WORLDS_OF_IF
preeminent science fiction magazine
is Asimov's under Gardner Dozois             
(an early champion of "cyberpunk").         GENESIS_OF_THE_CYBER-PUNKS 

   But this is not to say that Dozois is
   a figure at all comparable to Campbell
   or Gold.

   Magazines play a much smaller role
   in today's world; and written SF
   in general often looks like a minor
   realm, the retreat of people who would
   be happier writing TV scripts.

      But once upon a time, these
      magazines were where the
      action was.  Books were a very
      slow-moving form (before the              To state the obvious:
      "paperback"), and reading was
      a very big part of popular                There were live events
      entertainment.                            (plays, music, sports)
                                                and there was reading.

         The top of the line was                There was no television,
         "the slicks" such as The               and the radio-play was
         Saturday Evening Post,                 only gradually ramping-up
         the realm of writers                   throughout the 30s.
         like Damon Runyan and
         C.S. Forrester.

         Science Fiction writers
         could only dream of cracking
         the slicks some day.

                                             (Heinlein is one of
                                             the few who made it.)





--------
[NEXT - PULPED_STURGEON]